Like a stone thrown into a once tranquil pool, the conflict rippled outward from
the Devil's Den into farmer Rose's field of golden, flowing wheat. This field of grain, swaying with
the winds' caress, would on this day suffer the scorching brand of struggle, torment, and death. Just
hours before, Major General Daniel Sickles deployment of his Union 3rd Corps along lines far in front
of those chosen by the Union's commanding general, stretched his men precariously thin. Learning of
this, General Meade road out to speak with his wayward General. Downplaying his anger in his official
report, Meade would briefly note, "Having found Major-General Sickles, I was explaining to him
that he was too far in advance, and discussing with him the propriety of withdrawing, when the enemy
opened on him with several batteries in his front and on his flank, and immediately brought forward
columns of infantry and made a most vigorous assault. The Third Corps sustained the shock most
heroically."
[2]
General Sickles entrusted one of his division commanders, Major General David Birney, with the
responsibility of holding this portion of the field. After the fury settled, General Birney
would later recall these events as if he still felt the roaring din of battle. "As the
fight was now furious, and my thin line reached from Sugar Loaf Hill {Little Round Top} to the
Emmitsburg road, fully a mile in length, I was obliged to send for more re-enforcements to
Major-General Sickles, and Major Tremain, aide-de-camp to the commanding general, soon appeared with
a brigade of the Second Corps, which behaved most handsomely, and, leading them forward, it soon
restored the center of my line, and we drove the enemy from that point..." The melee would
confound those who would later attempt to capture the action in words. General Birney stated simply,
"My thin lines swayed to and fro during the fight, and my regiments were moved constantly on the
double-quick from one part of the line to the other, to re-enforce assailed points."
As Caldwell's Division of the Second Corps moved in to support the threatened 3rd Corps lines, Brigadier
General Zook, and Colonels Cross, Kelly, and Brook, each moved their brigades into the swirling storm
of confusion and lead. Colonel H. Boyd McKeen, who assumed command of Cross' Brigade after the
Colonel's wounding, noted that"...The brigade steadily drove the enemy back to the far end of the
wheat-field, a distance of over 400 yards. So quickly was this done that prisoners were taken by the
brigade before the enemy had time to spring from their hiding-places to retreat. The Fifth and One
hundred and forty-eighth remained in position, steadily holding the enemy in check, until every round
of cartridge in this portion of the brigade was expended, and even then held their position until
relieved by a brigade of General Barnes' division, of the Fifth Corps."
After initial
successes however, these men would be pushed back by yet another surge of onrushing
Confederates. Brigadier General Joseph Kershaw of the Confederates' South Carolina Brigade, who
challenged the bluecoats on the western edge of the Wheatfield, would write of the conflicts
confounding ebb and flow, "...by this time the enemy had swung around and lapped my whole line at close
quarters, and the fighting was general and desperate. At length, the Seventh South Carolina gave way,
and I directed Colonel Aiken to reform them at the stone wall, some 200 yards in my right rear. I
fell back to the Third Regiment, then hotly engaged on the crest of the stony hill, and gradually
swung around its right as the enemy made progress around our flank. Semmes' advanced regiment had
given way. One of his regiments mingled with the Third, and, among the rocks and trees, within a few
feet of each other, a desperate conflict ensued. The enemy could make no progress in front, but
slowly extended around my right. Separated from view of my left wing by the hill and wood, all of my
staff being with that wing, the position of the Fifteenth Regiment being unknown, and the Seventh
being in the rear, I feared the brave men about me would be surrounded by the large force pressing
around them, and ordered the Third Regiment and the [Fiftieth?] Georgia Regiment with them to fall
back to the stone house, whither I followed them.
On emerging from the wood, I saw Wofford coming in in splendid style.
My left wing had held the enemy in check along their front, and lost no ground. The enemy gave way
at Wofford's advance, and, with him, the whole of my left wing advanced to the charge, sweeping the
enemy before them, without a moment's stand, across the stone wall, beyond the wheat-field, up to the
foot of the mountain."
[5]